Conservation Areas may solve a form of prisoners' dilemma as all local

Gabriel Ahlfeldt presents findings from a recent research report showing that property prices are generally higher inside conservation areas, and?that there is?an external value to heritage buildings exists and is reflected in surrounding?prices. This regulation is good news for policymakers as it?ensures collective action in maintaining?neighborhoods, making free-riding much harder to do.

Since the 1960s, over 9,800 Conservation Areas have been designated in England with the aim of preserving local historic or architectural character. It is argued that the specific heritage value of these areas needs to be protected in the interest of society, including current and future members.

Valuing this heritage and the policies put in place for its preservation is challenging. The key problem is that what these areas deliver to their surroundings ? and society as a whole ? is not directly traded on the market. And since there are no directly observable prices, it is difficult to put a number on people?s willingness to pay for their effects.

In a recent?report?commissioned by?English Heritage we have tried to unpick the economics of Conservation Areas using a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques.

We therefore looked at observable market outcomes ? as reflected in more than 1m property transactions across England since 1995. Exploring more than 8000 conservation areas, we found that property prices are generally higher inside conservation areas ? about 9 per cent?controlling for other factors. Equivalently important, we were interested in how the value of these historically and architecturally particular building spills over to their surroundings. I believe an assessment of the external effects of heritage buildings must be at a heart of a preservation policy evaluation. The aesthetic quality of a building is a public good. It can be enjoyed free of charge by anyone living near to the building or even just passing by. Preserving this external value, which goes beyond the value the owner might attach to its property, is a key motivation for the designation of conservation areas.

Our results suggest that such an external value exists. Figure?1 illustrates how ? controlling for other factors ? property prices tend to increase the further one moves towards a conservation area. Prices increase up to 3 per cent?close to a conservation area. The effect diminishes with distance and disappears after about 600 meters.

?

These effects closely resemble the results of one of my previous studies investigating the effects of about 16,000 listed buildings in Berlin, Germany. Figure?2 again points to a very similar pattern, both in terms of the percentage effect on prices as well as in the spatial impact. The effects become even stronger when focussing on particularly important prestigous buildings. In a recent study, I had a look at the external property price effects of 25 residential buildings by world famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright in Chicago Oak Park. The result of this analysis: An increase in prices of nearby houses of up to 5 per cent?and even wider impact area than an average conservation area in England or an average listed building in Berlin.

Is it likely that these effects are really caused by the architecture of these buildings or may other (unobserved) factors such as a privilege location account for them? In the report for English Heritage we have analyzed 111 in-depth residential interviews conducted in 10 conservation areas to answer this question. Figure?4 compares our computed property price premiums in conservation areas relative to their surroundings to how residents ranked the attractiveness of the buildings in these areas. Evidently, our results suggest that the premium people pay for living in conservation areas rises with a neighborhood?s aesthetic quality.

All this is compelling evidence that there is a willingness to pay for the aesthetic quality and the historic character of the neighborhood, at least by those living in these areas.

Are there any downsides? For homeowners, Conservation Areas pretty significantly constrain the degree to which properties can be altered. We might expect these constraints could cause property values to decline following a designation. However, looking at over 900 recent designations across England, we couldn?t find any significant effect on prices. Owners we interviewed also generally express positive attitudes towards the planning constraints that come with designation, and the planning system more generally.

This is good news for policymakers, since it suggests Conservation Areas secure local social benefits without costs to individual homeowners. Rather, designation captures externalities that are then capitalised into house prices. In doing so, Conservation Areas solve a form of?prisoners? dilemma. If all local homeowners look after their historic houses, everyone is better off. But individual homeowners might be tempted to let their properties go to seed, while free-riding off nearby properties? ?character?.?A regulation that ensures collective action makes such free-riding much harder to do.

It?s harder to say whether more conservation area designations are in the interest of?society as a whole. For instance, we don?t know if Conservation Area designations?limit the supply of new housing?in some regions, or the country as a whole. If they do, too many designations may create gilded cages ? beautiful towns in which living space becomes unaffordable for the average household. More work needs to be done to answer this question.

Note: ?This article gives the views of the?author, and not the position of the British Politics and Policy blog, nor of the London School of Economics.?Please read our?comments policy?before posting.

About the author

Dr. Gabriel Ahlfeldt joined the Department of Geography and Environment in October 2009 as a Lecturer in Urban Economics and Land Development. Dr. Ahlfeldt is an Affiliate of the Spatial Economics Research Centre (SERC) and an associate of the Centre for Metropolitan Studies, Berlin. His research concentrates on the effect of large transport projects and architectural developments on local house prices, local political preferences and urban structure.

No related posts.

Source: http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/2012/08/02/conservation-areas-ahlfeldt/

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Physical activity lowers breast cancer risk by nearly 30 percent | List ...

(NaturalNews) Most health-minded individuals understand the importance of regular physical activity to maintain optimal health and prevent a host of chronic diseases ranging from heart disease and diabetes to stroke and dementia. In the past, studies have suggested that regular exercise may reduce the risk of certain cancers, including breast cancer, but many questions have remained unanswered regarding activity duration, exercise type and intensity.

Researchers from the University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health in Chapel Hill publishing in the journal CANCER have found that physical activity, either mild or intense and before or after menopause, may reduce breast cancer risk. As an aside, the scientists discovered that substantial weight gain may negate these benefits. The lead study investigator, Dr. Lauren McCullough and her team looked for a link between recreational physical activity, done at different time points in life, and the risk of developing breast cancer.

The study examined 1,504 women with breast cancer (233 noninvasive and 1,271 invasive) and 1,555 women without breast cancer who were 20 to 98-years-old. Participants were part of the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project, an investigation set up to review possible environmental causes of breast cancer. Researchers determined that women who exercised either during their reproductive or postmenopausal years had a reduced risk of developing breast cancer.

The study found that women who exercise between ten and nineteen hours per week experienced a 30 percent decrease in breast cancer risk. Risk levels were reduced regardless of duration or intensity, meaning that a rigorous workout was not necessary to achieve positive results. Exercise seemed to lower the risk of hormone receptor positive breast cancer (ER or PR positive), which is the most commonly diagnosed tumor type among American women.

The study team highlighted the finding that increased body weight increased overall risk of developing breast cancer, regardless of hours spent exercising. Clearly, physical activity is important to lower risk, but gaining weight can negate the effect and is an independent risk factor. Dr. McCullough concluded ?The observation of a reduced risk of breast cancer for women who engaged in exercise after menopause is particularly encouraging given the late age of onset for breast cancer.? A daily 30 minute walk and maintaining a healthy body weight provide a significant shield against this insidious disease.

Sources for this article include:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27433
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120625065334.htm
http://www.medpagetoday.com/HematologyOncology/BreastCancer/33436
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/uonc-eem062212.php

About the author:
John Phillip is a Health Researcher and Author who writes regularly on the cutting edge use of diet, lifestyle modifications and targeted supplementation to enhance and improve the quality and length of life. John is the author of ?Your Healthy Weight Loss Plan?, a comprehensive EBook explaining how to use Diet, Exercise, Mind and Targeted Supplementation to achieve your weight loss goal. Visit My Optimal Health Resource to continue reading the latest health news updates, and to download your Free 48 page copy of ?Your Healthy Weight Loss Plan?.

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Source: http://listpod.tv/physical-activity-lowers-breast-cancer-risk-by-nearly-30-percent-2/

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How To Jumpstart Easy Home Based Business | network affiliate

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Joe Einhorn: We wanted to build a website that would be as fun to shop on the web as your favorite store is in real life. A place where you could easily find all the coolest things in one place and be able to buy them right there without having to ?
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The truth is, Americans simply want to be able to make their living at home with a profitable site. However, making a site profitable does not seem to be that simple for most people giving it a try. The good news is that it can be! When it comes ?
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Source: http://howtobuildawebsite.tk/how-to-jumpstart-easy-home-based-business-network-affiliate/

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Acer Aspire Timeline Ultra M5-481TG-6814

Ultrabooks are mostly about trade-offs. You typically need to ditch a few niceties in order to cram everything into such a small package, so components like optical drives and capacious spinning hard drives tend to fall by the wayside. Not so with the Acer Aspire Timeline Ultra M5-481TG-6814. It packs an impressive array of features into a svelte, attractive chassis and is an exceptionally nimble performer at most tasks. Factor in a price tag below that of other systems in its class, and the Aspire M5 is an easy choice for those who are looking for a powerful ultrabook but don't want to burn holes in their pockets.

Design and Features

The Aspire M5 measures 0.79 by 14.43 by 10.05 inches (HWD), and at 4.16 pounds it's on the heavy side for an ultrabook, although its slim profile reduces any unnecessary bulk. That said, it does weigh more than other systems in its class, including the 4.08-pound Dell Inspiron 14z (Summer 2012) . The Aspire M5's chassis is decked out primarily in a handsome brushed-aluminum finish, but the black plastic underside feels somewhat cheap by comparison and detracts from the overall polished aesthetic. Fortunately, the Aspire M5 compensates for these shortcomings by packing features not typically seen on ultrabooks, like a built-in tray-loading DVD burner; aside from the Inspiron 14z, systems with an optical drive in this category are few and far between.

The 14-inch display has a maximum resolution of 1,366 by 768, which, though not as crisp as the Editors' Choice?winning Asus Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71 , is good enough for 720p video. But its attractively bright and glossy finish is marred by Acer's decision to inexplicably allocate only 14 inches of viewing area on the 14.6-inch screen, resulting in a distracting black bar around the display's edges. To Acer's credit, the display is advertised as 14 inches, so this doesn't come as a total surprise, but it's difficult to think of a reason why Acer wouldn't opt to simply cover this black portion with a slightly larger bezel.

The top row of the Aspire M5's chiclet-style backlit keyboard features shortcuts for toggling Wi-Fi, switching between displays, controlling system volume, disabling the touchpad, and turning off the display; the right side of the keyboard sports media playback buttons. Typing is a breeze, and we noticed no flexing during testing. The palm rest is generously sized and offers plenty of hand real estate, although your thumb may occasionally brush the touchpad. The touchpad itself is responsive, and provides a good amount of tactile feedback for two-finger scrolling and pinch-zooming. The left- and right-click buttons are integrated into the touchpad, not separate buttons; this looks nice, but it resulted in my clicking the wrong button on more than one occasion.

The Aspire M5's built-in speakers are fairly loud, and though the bass is somewhat flat, movies and music alike can easily be heard in small- to medium-size rooms. Of course, you won't be shaking the floor, but by the standard of ultrabooks the Aspire M5 pumps out decent volume levels.

Aside from the optical drive on the system's left side and the multiformat card reader (SDHC/SDXC/SD/MMC) and headphone jack on the right side, most of the action on the Aspire M5 can be found at the rear of the system. There, you'll find two USB 3.0 ports, an Ethernet port, and a full-size HDMI port. The last is particularly useful, letting you hook up the system to a larger display without having to faff about with any dongles. You will, however, have to use an HDMI cord: Unlike the Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71, Lenovo IdeaPad U310 , and HP Envy 4-1043cl , the Aspire M5 does not feature Intel Wireless Display (WiDi) technology, so wirelessly beaming audio and video to a larger screen isn't an option.

A 500GB 5,400rpm hard drive and a 20GB flash cache in the Aspire M5 provide both decent storage capacity and a speedy boot time. The 20GB solid-state-drive (SSD) is invisible to the user, working in the background during repetitive tasks and when you wake the system from sleep mode. The 500GB hard drive has plenty of room for storing data, though it comes loaded with a decent amount of preloaded software. As is often the case, the programs range from useful (Microsoft Office Starter 2010) to total bloatware (the Bing Bar and desktop links to Netflix, eBay, and Skype), with a few sprinkles of proprietary software (Acer ePower, Backup Manager, USB Charge Manager, and the like) and trial versions (30-day trials of Norton Online Backup and NTI Media Maker 9). That said, the slew of included software is forgivable because it ultimately contributes to the Aspire M5's affordable price tag.

Performance

The Aspire M5 outshined others in its class nearly across the board. This doesn't come as a major surprise considering its potent CPU/GPU combination. In addition to its third-generation 1.7GHz Intel Core i5-3317U processor, the Aspire M5 comes equipped with both integrated Intel HD Graphics 4000 and discrete 1GB Nvidia GeForce GT640MLE graphics processors; the system switches between the two GPUs depending on available power, although the user has the option of manually tailoring the configuration down to specific programs. At any rate, the Aspire M5's Futuremark PCMark 7 score of 2,985 bettered the Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71 (2,523) but not the IdeaPad U310 (3,570) and, to a greater extent, the HP Envy 4-1043cl (3,962). As far as 3D rendering is concerned, the Aspire M5 screamed past the competition. Its impressive 3DMark06 scores (10,294 at medium detail settings and 1,024-by-768 resolution; 8,501 at native resolution with 4x anti-aliasing) left the Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71 in distant second place (8,627 at medium detail settings and 1,024-by-768 resolution; 5,148 at native resolution with 4x anti-aliasing).

The Aspire M5 pumped out equally impressive results in the gaming arena and barely broke a sweat while crossing the playability threshold of 30 frames per second (fps). Ultimately, few other systems did as well as the Aspire M5 in both Crysis (55fps in medium quality at 1,024-by-768 resolution; 25fps in high quality at native resolution) and Lost Planet 2 (50fps in medium quality at 1,024-by-768 resolution; 31fps in high quality at native resolution). The sole exception is the Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71, thanks to its discrete 1GB Nvidia GeForce GT 620M GPU (52fps in medium quality at 1,024-by-768 resolution and 6fps in high quality at native resolution for Crysis; 34fps in medium quality at 1,024-by-768 resolution and 10fps in high quality at native resolution for Lost Planet 2). No other system even came close to the Aspire M5.

The Aspire M5 wasn't as sure-footed in our multimedia tests. It completed our Handbrake video-encoding test in 1 minute 59 seconds, tying with the HP Envy 4-1043cl and outperforming the IdeaPadU310 (2 minutes 3 seconds), but falling short of the Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71 (1 minute 43 seconds). Its CineBench R11.5 score of 2.10 sputtered behind its entire class, and lagged behind the third-place-finishing HP Envy 4-1043cl (2.38). Conversely, the Aspire M5 completed our Photoshop CS5 test in a brisk 3 minutes 7 seconds, or 51 seconds quicker than the second-place Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71 (3 minutes 58 seconds). The Aspire M5's 54Wh battery lasted 7 hours 54 minutes in MobileMark 2007, longer than the rest of its class. Although the next-best system, the HP Envy 4-1043cl (7 hours 45 minutes) came very close, the others exhibited significantly shorter battery life. Still, this excellent result does little to mitigate the fact that the Aspire M5's battery is sealed into its chassis, so swapping it out can be something of a warranty-voiding, MacGyver-esque endeavor.

No, the Acer Aspire Timeline Ultra M5-481TG-6814 isn't perfect. Yes, it's loaded with bloatware, is somewhat heavy, and has a distracting black bar around its display's viewable area. But these missteps are outweighed by its nimble performance in both everyday computing applications and gaming. It's also an excellent value, costing less than the very systems it handily outperforms. It may not pack the sizzle of our current Editors' Choice ultrabook, the Asus Zenbook Prime UX32VD-DB71, but the Aspire M5 is nonetheless an easy choice for anyone looking to buy a powerful ultrabook but not burn holes in their pockets.

BENCHMARK TEST RESULTS:

COMPARISON TABLE
Compare the Acer Aspire Timeline Ultra M5-481TG-6814 with several other laptops side by side.

More laptop reviews:
??? Acer Aspire Timeline Ultra M5-481TG-6814
??? Samsung Series 9 15-inch (NP900X4C-A02US)
??? Acer Aspire S5-391-9880
??? DirAction NL3 Classmate PC
??? Samsung Series 5 Ultra NP530U3B-A02
?? more

Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/ziffdavis/pcmag/~3/JZK0tN9O6lI/0,2817,2407827,00.asp

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Immune responses can be generated locally within human melanoma skin metastases

Public release date: 31-Jul-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jeremy Moore
Jeremy.Moore@aacr.org
215-446-7109
American Association for Cancer Research

PHILADELPHIA In many types of cancer, activated immune cells infiltrate the tumor and influence clinical outcome. It is not always clear where these cells are activated, but results reported in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, indicate that in a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma, they can be activated in the tumor microenvironment.

"Our data provide a new concept in melanoma," said Nicolas van Baren, M.D., Ph.D., a clinical and laboratory investigator at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, the de Duve Institute and the Cancer Centre of Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc in Brussels, Belgium. "Before we began our study, it was thought that immune responses were triggered in specialized structures known as lymph nodes. Lymphocytes, which are an important subset of immune cells, became activated in lymph nodes and then migrated via the blood to the tumor."

Results of his study showed an alternative path whereby naive lymphocytes were activated locally in the tumor microenvironment. "Fundamental knowledge like this is crucial as we seek to understand how tumors escape antitumor immune responses and how we can develop approaches to counter this," he said.

For the majority of immune responses mounted by our bodies, for example in response to invading microbes, the predominant sites of lymphocyte activation are the lymph nodes, spleen and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues. All these sites are dedicated to supporting the initiation and maintenance of immune responses. However, in some instances of chronic infection, for example with hepatitis C virus, ectopic lymphoid structures, or lymphoid structures that resemble lymph nodes and develop at aberrant locations, form at the site of the infection and locally support lymphocyte responses directed against the infectious agent.

Ectopic lymphoid structures have also been observed in some malignant tumors, including breast, lung and colorectal tumors, but not melanoma. In some studies, their presence has been linked to improved prognosis.

Van Baren and colleagues observed ectopic lymphoid structures in seven out of 29 skin metastases from patients with melanoma. In contrast, no primary melanoma samples examined contained complete ectopic lymphoid structures. However, some of them hosted small blood vessels that are associated with these structures.

Further analyses indicated that the ectopic lymphoid structures were functional, as features indicative of activation of the B cell lymphocyte subset were observed.

"It is important to have established that immune responses can be generated locally, at least in skin metastases," said van Baren. "In fact, this last point, that we detected functional lymphoid structures in skin metastases and not in primary tumors, is extremely intriguing. We think that understanding the reasons for this difference will be highly informative in determining how antimelanoma immune responses develop during disease progression."

The sample size was too small to allow the researchers to draw clinically meaningful conclusions. "Nonetheless, it will be important to look at this moving forward, as it is not yet clear whether these structures are good for the patient and bad for the tumor or good for the tumor and bad for the patient. At this point, there is no indication either way, and we could provide a speculative argument for either."

###

Follow the AACR on Twitter: @aacr #aacr

Follow the AACR on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/aacr.org

About the AACR

Founded in 1907, the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is the world's first and largest professional organization dedicated to advancing cancer research and its mission to prevent and cure cancer. AACR's membership includes 34,000 laboratory, translational and clinical researchers; population scientists; other health care professionals; and cancer advocates residing in more than 90 countries. The AACR marshals the full spectrum of expertise of the cancer community to accelerate progress in the prevention, biology, diagnosis and treatment of cancer by annually convening more than 20 conferences and educational workshops, the largest of which is the AACR Annual Meeting with more than 17,000 attendees. In addition, the AACR publishes seven peer-reviewed scientific journals and a magazine for cancer survivors, patients and their caregivers. The AACR funds meritorious research directly as well as in cooperation with numerous cancer organizations. As the Scientific Partner of Stand Up To Cancer, the AACR provides expert peer review, grants administration and scientific oversight of individual and team science grants in cancer research that have the potential for near-term patient benefit. The AACR actively communicates with legislators and policymakers about the value of cancer research and related biomedical science in saving lives from cancer.

For more information about the AACR, visit www.AACR.org.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 31-Jul-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jeremy Moore
Jeremy.Moore@aacr.org
215-446-7109
American Association for Cancer Research

PHILADELPHIA In many types of cancer, activated immune cells infiltrate the tumor and influence clinical outcome. It is not always clear where these cells are activated, but results reported in Cancer Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, indicate that in a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma, they can be activated in the tumor microenvironment.

"Our data provide a new concept in melanoma," said Nicolas van Baren, M.D., Ph.D., a clinical and laboratory investigator at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, the de Duve Institute and the Cancer Centre of Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc in Brussels, Belgium. "Before we began our study, it was thought that immune responses were triggered in specialized structures known as lymph nodes. Lymphocytes, which are an important subset of immune cells, became activated in lymph nodes and then migrated via the blood to the tumor."

Results of his study showed an alternative path whereby naive lymphocytes were activated locally in the tumor microenvironment. "Fundamental knowledge like this is crucial as we seek to understand how tumors escape antitumor immune responses and how we can develop approaches to counter this," he said.

For the majority of immune responses mounted by our bodies, for example in response to invading microbes, the predominant sites of lymphocyte activation are the lymph nodes, spleen and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues. All these sites are dedicated to supporting the initiation and maintenance of immune responses. However, in some instances of chronic infection, for example with hepatitis C virus, ectopic lymphoid structures, or lymphoid structures that resemble lymph nodes and develop at aberrant locations, form at the site of the infection and locally support lymphocyte responses directed against the infectious agent.

Ectopic lymphoid structures have also been observed in some malignant tumors, including breast, lung and colorectal tumors, but not melanoma. In some studies, their presence has been linked to improved prognosis.

Van Baren and colleagues observed ectopic lymphoid structures in seven out of 29 skin metastases from patients with melanoma. In contrast, no primary melanoma samples examined contained complete ectopic lymphoid structures. However, some of them hosted small blood vessels that are associated with these structures.

Further analyses indicated that the ectopic lymphoid structures were functional, as features indicative of activation of the B cell lymphocyte subset were observed.

"It is important to have established that immune responses can be generated locally, at least in skin metastases," said van Baren. "In fact, this last point, that we detected functional lymphoid structures in skin metastases and not in primary tumors, is extremely intriguing. We think that understanding the reasons for this difference will be highly informative in determining how antimelanoma immune responses develop during disease progression."

The sample size was too small to allow the researchers to draw clinically meaningful conclusions. "Nonetheless, it will be important to look at this moving forward, as it is not yet clear whether these structures are good for the patient and bad for the tumor or good for the tumor and bad for the patient. At this point, there is no indication either way, and we could provide a speculative argument for either."

###

Follow the AACR on Twitter: @aacr #aacr

Follow the AACR on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/aacr.org

About the AACR

Founded in 1907, the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) is the world's first and largest professional organization dedicated to advancing cancer research and its mission to prevent and cure cancer. AACR's membership includes 34,000 laboratory, translational and clinical researchers; population scientists; other health care professionals; and cancer advocates residing in more than 90 countries. The AACR marshals the full spectrum of expertise of the cancer community to accelerate progress in the prevention, biology, diagnosis and treatment of cancer by annually convening more than 20 conferences and educational workshops, the largest of which is the AACR Annual Meeting with more than 17,000 attendees. In addition, the AACR publishes seven peer-reviewed scientific journals and a magazine for cancer survivors, patients and their caregivers. The AACR funds meritorious research directly as well as in cooperation with numerous cancer organizations. As the Scientific Partner of Stand Up To Cancer, the AACR provides expert peer review, grants administration and scientific oversight of individual and team science grants in cancer research that have the potential for near-term patient benefit. The AACR actively communicates with legislators and policymakers about the value of cancer research and related biomedical science in saving lives from cancer.

For more information about the AACR, visit www.AACR.org.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-07/aafc-irc072412.php

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Google postponing Nexus Q launch to 'make it better,' sending a free device to those who pre-ordered

Apparently Google's strange little media streamer isn't quite ready for prime time -- not according to the company that made it, at least. The software giant has begun sending out a note to pre-orderers letting them know that the launch of the sphere has been delayed in order to "work on making it even better." The company adds that it's responding to user feedback from previewers who want it to "do even more than it does today." To show that there are no hard feelings, the company will be "extend[ing] [the] Nexus Q preview to our pre-order customers and send[ing] [them] a free device," according to Google. We asked the company to clarify that last bit, to make sure if meant exactly what we thought it meant, and sure enough they told us, "We are sending a free Nexus Q to any users who pre-ordered the device at no cost to them." Sometimes it pays to be an early adopter. No word on when the device will begin shipping, but the company promised it will be arriving "soon."

Filed under: Home Entertainment

Google postponing Nexus Q launch to 'make it better,' sending a free device to those who pre-ordered originally appeared on Engadget on Tue, 31 Jul 2012 17:21:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/07/31/google-postponing-nexus-q-launch-to-make-it-better/

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Why has North Korea kept silent on Kim Jong-un's wife until now? (+video)

The answer may be as simple as 'it was too risky.'

By Jennifer Chang,?Contributor / July 25, 2012

North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and his wife, who was named by the state broadcaster as Ri Sol-ju, visit the Rungna People's Pleasure Ground, in Pyongyang in this undated photo released on July 25.

KCNA/Reuters

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For the first time today, North Korea acknowledged that the mysterious woman who has been seen accompanying North Korean leader Kim Jong-un in a recent series of public appearances is his wife.

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A first look at Kim Jong-un's wife.

Ever since the unnamed woman was first spotted with Kim at a July 5 concert, speculation has been rampant that she might be either his spouse or younger sister. But today, North Korean media finally reported that her name was Ri Sol-ju, and she was his wife when the woman and Kim attended a ceremony to mark the completion of an amusement park in an islet in Pyongyang.

Many analysts say that one of Kim?s major weaknesses is that he succeeded his father as leader of North Korea at too early an age; he is believed to only be in his late 20s. And some experts say the North?s admission that Ms. Ri is Kim?s wife is aimed at dispelling doubts about his maturity and experience. They say that by portraying Kim as a married man, Pyongyang hopes the North Korean people, as well as the entire world, will stop seeing him as a youthful, untested leader.

All of that makes sense, but why has the North waited so long to make its announcement about Kim?s marital status?

The answer may be as simple as ?it was too risky.?

Kim?s grandfather, Kim Il-sung, the founder and first leader of North Korea, pulled off the first Communist hereditary power succession in modern times by installing his son Kim Jong-il as the second leader of North Korea. There was great doubt in people?s minds, including the minds of those in power in the North Korean regime, as to whether this would be possible to pull this off again.

Then, when Kim Jong-il was ready to pass power onto a successor, he managed to pull off another hereditary power succession, something that no one else was doing in the modern age. But it sparked demonstrations within North Korea and was considered a politically risky thing to do. In fact, two days before big celebrations were set for Kim Jong-il's last birthday, demonstrations broke out near the Chinese border, according to South Korea's Chosun Ilbo newspaper.

The paper cited a North Korea source who said Kim Jong-un was ?viewed as bloodthirsty and mad.? The source also said, ?Almost everyone thinks he was behind the military attacks against ROKS Cheonan and an island under South Korean control, which led to restrictions on humanitarian aid from the South.? This has further worsened standards of living in the North. North Koreans are ready to do just about anything to stop the succession.?

In addition, there were reports of public burnings inside North Korea of photos of members of the Kim Jong-il family prompted by Kim Jong-il?s announcement that Kim Jong-un would be succeeding him as the next North Korean leader.

Under that light, Kim Jong-un wanted to keep his wife a secret until his hold on power was complete, say observers. If Kim Jong-un showed he had a wife, it might signal the prospect of yet another family dynasty, and the regime worried that people of North Korea might catch on and revolt. He?s essentially been hiding his woman from the public eye since he was named North Korea?s leader upon his dad?s death in December.

But when he sacked his army chief Ri Yong-ho last week and was finally installed as marshal, North Korea?s highest military position, his role as leader was finally solidified.

Now that his power has been consolidated and he is truly the supreme leader of North Korea, he can afford to tell the world and his people that he has a wife who will one day bear him a son who he can name as the next leader of North Korea ? whether North Koreans and the global community like it or not.??

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/csmonitor/globalnews/~3/mLKVQ8VShro/Why-has-North-Korea-kept-silent-on-Kim-Jong-un-s-wife-until-now-video

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