Tuesday, February 5, 2013

'Girls': Ray's Life In Season 2 Hits Close To Home For Actor Alex Karpovksy

The gradual, uneasy evolution of Ray and Shoshannah's relationship has been the emotional foil of the coke-fueled dance parties and bizarre doll threesomes of "Girls'" second season.

In this weekend's episode "It's A Shame About Ray," Shoshannah (Zosia Mamet) realized that Ray (Alex Karpovsky) had been living in her apartment and sharing her bed without ever officially announcing that he'd moved in. The truth came out at Hannah's dinner party, when Ray admitted that when he wasn't crashing at his younger girlfriend's place, he was living out of his car.

For Karpovsky, an actor and director who's worked with "Girls" star Lena Dunham dating back to her debut film "Tiny Furniture," the arc bore a surprising resemblance to his real living situation. In an interview with HuffPost TV, Karpovsky revealed that he's never had had his own apartment, and shared Ray's experiences of couch-surfing, sub-letting, and living with his parents ... even as "Girls" was earning Emmy nods.

Read on to find out more about Karpovsky's connection to Ray, his thoughts on the backlash against "Girls" and his character's expanded role in Season 2.

In "It's A Shame About Ray," Shoshannah came to realize that Ray has basically camped out of her place when he wasn't living in his car. What were you drawing from to make him so believably vulnerable in that moment?
Well, look, when they do a lot of these scenes, I try to -- without sounding too theoretical and dramatic about all this stuff -- I do try to attach myself to specific and tangible notions rather than sort of overarching motivational backstory stuff. That wasn't phrased very well, but that's sort of where I come from usually.

So in my case, I've never had my own apartment in my life. I've never signed a lease in my life. I want to, but I have commitment problems, and also I don't have credit, which is worse than having bad credit. I've never had a credit card: I keep applying, and they don't want to give it to me.

Even now?
Yeah, I applied in November and they didn't give it to me. Maybe one or two more seasons and they will. I've always been subletting, and sometimes the sublets have been two weeks or three weeks. All of Season 1 was shot when I was living in my parents house in Boston ... well, most of the season anyway. So I would come down on the Amtrak and I'd crash with friends for two or three days. And it was kind of shameful a little bit, because I'm in my 30s and I'm living with my parents and I can't get my own place and stuff. So there's a shame there, there's secrecy that's woven into the shame, and that's exactly sort of what's happening in this scene.

He doesn't want to tell this girl that he's a grown man and ... in many ways, she sort of looks up to Ray -- or at least kind of respects their difference in age before she disrespects it -- and I think him telling the truth would really compromise that feeling of respect that he feels she has for him.

What's your living situation now?
I have a sublet that expires [soon], so I have to find another place. I just started going onto CraigsList. But I'll have to pay cash or upfront and stuff, because of those credit problems. I would love nothing more than to have my own place. I think I'm fully ready finally to have my own couch and have my own wallpaper and have my own lighting setup, because I hate temporarily retrofitting a place for my own needs. That gets really old. And schlepping your stuff gets really old. But anyway, I'm workin' on it.

The subway scene in this episode was also powerful. In filming it, did you have to time it with the subways coming by?
We did. We couldn't shut down the subway, so we just found a quiet corner of the subway. So yes, we did have to time it. We did a lot of ADR work afterwords, looping, because of audio problems.

So when he ended up saying, "I love you so fucking much" so hesitantly, was that just a reflection of his cynicism and his maturity in wanting to protect her from being hurt in some way?
I think that's a more altruistic take than what's really going on. I think it's a more selfish thing. I think he's afraid to go there. I think there's a lot of cognitive dissonance between what he wants and what he's afraid of. I think he simultaneously really wants to be in a relationship, he really wants to be close with this person who he's really mesmerized by. On the other hand, there's a lot of surrender it will take for him, a lot of opening up that he'll have to negotiate with, and that's something he's really not comfortable with. And it's that struggle that really begins to come to the surface in that scene, but it goes for another few episodes at least.

Ray shows a more vulnerable side this season than in Season 1 where he was more hard-edged. Did you see that as a challenge, or just a gradual transformation and growth of the character?
Well, both, it was a natural transformation, but it was challenging to express it. I think in Season 2, most of the characters, I think two things start to happen that I've noticed. Now that we've sort of to established some sort of familiarity and understanding, in Season 2 we have the liberty to do two things: One is explore underpinnings, motivations and backstories, which is what you're referring to, which was really challenging and fun to do, and an organic extension of his story; The other thing is we have a little more liberty to go into zany places, without it feeling disorienting or fundamentally confusing. So that was great too. Some characters get more zany, and some characters get more underpinning, but I think both things are applied to all characters in some degree.

And I think that's great. I'm really glad that a lot of Ray's anger and cynicism is explored in Season 2. I think it's interesting. I hope we express it in a way that's engaging.

A lot of Ray and Shoshannah's breakthroughs have happened through fighting. Is that just because the characters are coming from such different places that they have to break through each other's exteriors?
To a large extent, yeah, and there's all these hopes that they have from the other person which are not being met. And a lot of their fights are expressing, indirectly or sometimes passively, that shortcoming. Ray really falls for Shoshannah at the very end of Season 1, and that's sort of where we begin Season 2. But there's a very fine line I think between sincerity, and authenticity, and rawness, which he sees in her and is very attracted to, between that and naivety, or lack of experience. Shoshannah's very young. And obviously those two go hand in hand and complement each other, but they can be parsed, to some extent, and they can contradict each other, to a large extent, and it can be a fine line between those two things. And it's that line that Ray largely walks in Season 2.

"Girls" was received in a polarizing way during Season 1. People seemed to either react by saying, "This is my life," or coming at it with a range of intense criticisms. What about it do you think inspired such a range of heated reactions?
Well, that's an interesting question, and a difficult one. I mean, first of all, my intro comment would be that I'm really proud that it's polarizing. I think, like a lot of people feel, that any good or worthwhile artistic endeavor should be polarizing if it's doing something right. So I'm proud that we are polarizing.

Now, why was it polarizing? That's a tougher part for me to answer. I think because the show is a comedy, in large part, yet it's so grounded in authenticity and believability, all the way from its characters to its storylines to its relationships and its overall tone that encapsulates everything. I feel like that was an adjustment for people. And I think that people who like the show like that it's refreshing for this reason, because it grounds this comedic story in a very naturalistic place. Because it does that, it also opened the show up to criticisms -- criticisms that people had a hard time applying to comedies or dramas, and now you have to apply it to a show that's trying to hover in between the two things, and I think that was disorienting. I feel like some people demanded certain things from the show because of its authenticity, or because it was striving to be authentic.

Like the race criticism?
Yeah. Well, a show that would be on network television that was a very broad comedy that had the same storylines that we did, these responsibilities or obligations or demands or expectations, whatever you want to call them, wouldn't be stapled to that show ... A lot of those shows wouldn't have these controversies or demands attached to them, but ours did, because I think we tried to do something different, which specifically in this context is root ourselves in something sort of believable or authentic. So to me, it was maybe a sign, potentially, that maybe we're on the right track, maybe. Maybe.

That people were watching with a higher bar?
Yeah. That they were demanding all these things from the show. I'm glad you care enough to demand. I'm glad you are invested enough.

"Girls" skewers hipster culture, which is an incredibly rich vein of comedy. What's Ray's role in that?
I feel like Ray is a little bit older than everyone else on the show, certainly older than the girls. So ... it's almost his function in that circle of friends, to skewer, to use your word, hipster culture, to really put it in its place, to show how privileged and self-important it can be, and how full of itself it can be. I think that's one of his central pillars of agenda: to let the other people in the circle know that this culture they're around is, in many ways, bankrupt. By that I mean, it has no real authentic core. It's just sort of re-interpreting and re-mixing pre-existing things, and he feels like that's very insincere.

To bring it back to Shoshannah for a second, I think one of the reasons he really likes her is because he sees her as this strange freak of sincerity and innocence. I think one of the reasons that he really is attracted to her is because she's not a part of this hipster thing that he skewers.

"Girls" airs Sundays at 9 p.m. EST on HBO.

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    Lena Dunham as Hannah Horvath

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    Jemima Kirke as Jessa Johansson

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    Allison Williams as Marnie Michaels

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    Zosia Mamet as Shoshanna Shapiro

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    Adam Driver as Adam Sackler

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    Alex Karpovsky as Ray Ploshansky

  • 'Girls' Season 1

Related on HuffPost:

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/04/girls-ray-season-2-alex-karpovsky_n_2426680.html

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Bahrain's 2-year-old uprising at crossroads

Bahraini anti-government protesters wave national flags and carry signs during a march called by several opposition groups to demand freedom for political prisoners and democracy, in Muharraq, Bahrain, on Monday Feb. 4, 2013. Arabic on the image at right reads, "Martyr Yousef Mowali." (AP Photo/Hasan Jamali)

Bahraini anti-government protesters wave national flags and carry signs during a march called by several opposition groups to demand freedom for political prisoners and democracy, in Muharraq, Bahrain, on Monday Feb. 4, 2013. Arabic on the image at right reads, "Martyr Yousef Mowali." (AP Photo/Hasan Jamali)

A Bahraini anti-government protester wears the colors of the national flag and carries a sign during a march called by several opposition groups to demand freedom for political prisoners and democracy, in Muharraq, Bahrain, Monday Feb. 4, 2013. Arabic on sign reads, "Stop our bloodshed. We will not give up our demands." (AP Photo/Hasan Jamali)

Bahrain's Justice Minister Khalid bin Ali Al Khalifa, speaks during a press conference in Manama, Bahrain, on Monday Feb. 4, 2013. Al Khalifa said preliminary political talks are scheduled to begin Sunday, Feb. 10, 2013 just days before the second anniversary of the anniversary of the beginning of Bahrain's uprising. (AP Photo/Hasan Jamali)

Bahraini anti-government protesters wave national flags and carry signs during a march called by several opposition groups to demand freedom for political prisoners and democracy, in Muharraq, Bahrain, on Monday Feb. 4, 2013. Arabic on poster showing a jailed opposition leader reads, "Freedom for Ibrahim Sherief," (AP Photo/Hasan amali)

In this Sunday, Feb. 3, 2013 photo, a Bahraini anti-government protester carries a national flag as he runs during a march in the western village of Malkiya, Bahrain. Graffiti on the wall refers to Bahrain's King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, reading: "Oh, Hamad, did you forget God's words?" and goes into a verse from the Quran about injustice. (AP Photo/Hasan Jamali)

(AP) ? Young men wearing masks lurk in the darkened alcoves of the old market in Bahrain's capital. "To victory," they whisper as they hand out pamphlets calling for greater rebellion after two years of nonstop unrest in the Gulf kingdom.

In another part of the city, leaders of established Shiite opposition groups study their next moves. One option is to open talks with the Sunni monarchy as a possible soft landing from the Arab Spring's longest-running uprising against a sitting power.

The two faces of Bahrain's tumult have never been clearer as the struggles in the strategic island ? home to the U.S. Navy's 5th Fleet? mark their second year next week.

The old guard Shiite political factions appear worn down by the ceaseless tensions and seem increasingly open to some kind of face-saving compromise with Bahrain's Sunni leadership. Such negotiations are endorsed by Washington and other Western allies of Bahrain's ruling dynasty.

On Monday, Bahrain's justice minister, Khaled bin Ali Al Khalifa, said preliminary political talks are scheduled to begin Feb. 10 ? just days before the second anniversary of the crisis. The official Bahrain News Agency called it an important step toward "national consensus."

But the clashes and bloodshed also have elevated another voice from Bahrain's streets: A shadowy network of youth groups and hard-line Shiites ? knitted together by social media ? that have coalesced around an angry axis. Calls to bring down the monarchy are now staples in the near daily skirmishes with security forces.

"No to dialogue! No to surrender!" several hundred protesters chanted during a recent confrontation between demonstrators with firebombs and riot police responding with tear gas and stun grenades.

It might seem like a worrisome groundswell for Bahrain's Sunni rulers, who have managed to keep a close grip on power for decades under what critics call a two-tier system. The majority Shiites, about 70 percent of the population, claim they are relegated to the lower rungs with limited say in the country's affairs.

Bahrain's uprising seeks to tilt the scales toward the Shiites. But divides within the Shiite population ? whether to battle harder or open talks ? could end up giving Bahrain's rulers more breathing space. If the main Shiite factions can be brought into negotiations, the opposition left on the streets would continue as an annoyance to the monarchy but less of a potential threat to their power.

"The confrontational elements in Bahrain ? those who have effectively rejected dialogue as pointless ? are certainty taking more charge of the tone on the streets," said Toby Jones, an expert on Bahraini affairs at Rutgers University. "It invites a type of comparison to the 50s and 60s civil rights movement when activists had to be provocative enough to provoke police backlash and brutality and the cycle goes on."

It's not hard to lose track of little Bahrain on the greater Arab Spring stage.

Bahrain's two-year death toll of more than 55 was exceeded in a single day in Syria. There is no clear center of gravity in Bahrain's uprising like Egypt's Tahrir Square. Bahrain's protest hub of Pearl Square was cleared by police raids in the early weeks of the unrest and now is ringed round-the-clock by security forces, razor wire and concrete barricades.

But the tensions on the tiny island ? whose native population of more than 550,000 is equivalent to a Cairo neighborhood ? resonates in many important directions.

The survival of Bahrain's monarchy is a priority of the highest order for the fraternity of other Gulf Arab leaders, who have so far ridden out the Arab Spring and have united to stamp out potential threats. Among the crackdowns: Arrests in Kuwait and Qatar for alleged online dissent and charges against 94 suspected coup plotters in the United Arab Emirates with claimed links to Islamist groups such as the Muslim Brotherhood.

Problems in Bahrain also spill over into the Gulf Arab showdowns with Shiite power Iran.

Gulf Arab leaders never miss an opportunity to accuse Iran or its proxies, such as Lebanon's Hezbollah, as being off-site masterminds of Bahrain's unrest. Iranian officials and its state media often portray Bahrain's Shiite protesters as freedom fighters and distant kin. But no clear evidence has emerged to back up claims of direct aid.

Still, the Gulf claims ring powerfully in the West as part of wider fears over Iran's expanding influence.

And that is just part of delicate diplomatic balance for the U.S. in Bahrain.

Washington is unlikely to do anything to sour relations with Bahrain's Western-educated king, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, or jeopardize its vital military interests such as the 5th Fleet, the Pentagon's main base to counter Iran's expanding military presence in the Gulf and protect oil shipping lanes through the Gulf of Hormuz.

Yet the U.S. is increasingly uneasy about hard-edged Bahrain measures such as stripping citizenship from 31 Shiite political activists and upholding life sentences for eight others.

"Unfortunately, 2012 was the year that Bahrain's ruling family showed it prioritizes repression over reform," said Joe Stork, deputy Middle East director at Human Rights Watch. "This year the government needs to act on its reform rhetoric by setting free all peaceful protesters, including the protest leaders still serving long prison terms for exercising their right to free speech and peaceful assembly."

There seems little to indicate Bahrain will ease up on the opposition. Authorities use phrases such as "saboteurs" and "terrorists" as violence has risen, including a series of five bomb blasts in November that killed two South Asian workers.

But Bahrain's leaders also have made noticeable reforms along the way, including giving the elected parliament more oversight powers and pledging deeper investigations into alleged abuses by security forces. Although tangible concessions, they are dismissed by many Shiites as mere window dressing that still leaves the monarchy in control of all key posts and decisions.

"The authorities can no longer go by the old notion of possession and absolute control of the land and people," Bahrain's most influential Shiite cleric, Sheik Isa Qassim, said in a December sermon. "'This old perception is no longer accepted today in any place on earth."

Hard-line Shiite opposition groups have pushed this view even further under the banner of the Feb. 14 movement ? the date of the first major demonstration in 2011. Photocopied pamphlets distributed during protests set their goal in absolute terms: A fight to strip the monarchy of its powers and stewardship over Bahrain.

"These groups are not just going to fade away because of some kind of possible political dialogue. Too much has happened in two years," said Jones, the Rutgers professor. "They now feel it's not over until they say it's over."

The main Shiite parties initially welcomed the call for talks, but then wavered after suggestions that only lower-ranking Sunni officials would take part. Without top-level participants, there is little chance that key items would be on the agenda such as breaking the monarchy's control on all top government and security appointments.

"The talk of dialogue is still no more than a media show," said Jameel Khadhim, a senior official with Al Wefaq, the biggest Shiite political group, which has called for peaceful opposition gatherings until the second anniversary of the uprising.

In alleys and side streets in Shiite neighborhoods, meanwhile, other types of showdowns take place. Shiite youths set roadblocks of burning tires and gather Molotov cocktails and rocks for the inevitable arrival of riot police.

"The king's days are numbered," said 18-year-old Mohammad Jaffar. "We are not going to surrender."

___

Murphy reported from Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-02-04-Bahrain-Uprising%20at%20Crossroads/id-4f81aa3592f74b85bbceb63e2b78ebb5

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Monday, February 4, 2013

French tanker believed held by pirates off Ivory Coast

ABIDJAN (Reuters) - A French-owned Luxembourg-flagged tanker with 17 crew members that went missing off Ivory Coast at the weekend is believed to have been hijacked by Nigerian pirates, the International Maritime Bureau said on Monday.

The IMB, a division of the International Chamber Of Commerce charged with fighting maritime crime, issued a security alert for West Africa's Gulf of Guinea following a spate of violent attacks on vessels in recent days.

The Gulf of Guinea is second only to the waters around Somalia for piracy. The hijacking, if confirmed, would be the second vessel seizure off Ivory Coast in less than three weeks.

"The owner lost contact on (February) 3rd. We believe it was hijacked with 17 crew on board," said Noel Choong, head of the IMB's piracy reports division based in Malaysia.

"The situation in the Gulf of Guinea is quite bad right now. There have been three attacks there in the past five days," he said, adding that the other incidents had occurred off the coast of Nigeria.

Luxembourg's government said in a statement released on Monday that the vessel, named the Gascogne, is owned by French company SEA-Tankers.

Neither authorities in Luxembourg nor the IMB released the nationalities of the ship's crew members, but France's foreign ministry said none were French.

Port officials in Ivory Coast's commercial capital Abidjan said they were still investigating the circumstances surrounding the Gascogne's disappearance, but said the ship was not scheduled to dock in the country.

Many of the pirate gangs in the Gulf of Guinea are offshoots of militant groups that once operated in Nigeria's oil-rich Niger Delta, and attacks in the waters off Nigeria, Togo and Benin have been commonplace for years.

Ivory Coast recorded its first vessel hijacking last October when suspected Nigerian pirates seized a Bahamas-flagged tanker carrying more than 32,000 metric tons of gasoline near Abidjan's port. The 24 crew were later freed unharmed.

Gunmen attempted, but failed, to seize a ship anchored off Abidjan's port in December, and last month pirates took control of a tanker carrying 5,000 metric tons of fuel as it waited to unload its cargo at Abidjan's tanker terminal.

"It appears that the Nigerian pirates are spreading. All of these vessels were tankers carrying gas oil. They're all taken back to Nigeria to siphon off the oil, then the crews are freed," Choong said.

"This whole process takes about five or six days," he said.

(Additional reporting by Robert-Jan Bartunek in Brussels; Editing by Daniel Flynn and Jon Hemming)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/french-tanker-believed-hijacked-pirates-off-ivory-coast-095303189.html

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Recreating natural complex gene regulation

Recreating natural complex gene regulation [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Feb-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Richard Merritt
richard.merritt@duke.edu
919-660-8414
Duke University

DURHAM, N.C. By reproducing in the laboratory the complex interactions that cause human genes to turn on inside cells, Duke University bioengineers have created a system they believe can benefit gene therapy research and the burgeoning field of synthetic biology.

This new approach should help basic scientists as they tease out the effects of "turning on" or "turning off" many different genes, as well as clinicians seeking to develop new gene-based therapies for human disease.

"We know that human genes are not just turned on or off, but can be activated to any level over a wide range. Current engineered systems use one protein to control the levels of gene activation," said Charles Gersbach, assistant professor of biomedical engineering at Duke's Pratt School of Engineering and member of Duke's Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy. "However, we know that natural human genes are regulated by interactions between dozens of proteins that lead to diverse outcomes within a living system.

"In contrast to typical genetics studies that dissect natural gene networks in a top-down fashion, we developed a bottom-up approach, which allows us to artificially simulate these natural complex interactions between many proteins that regulate a single gene," Gersbach said. "Additionally, this approach allowed us to turn on genes inside cells to levels that were not previously possible."

The results of the Duke experiments, which were conducted by Pablo Perez-Pinera, a senior research scientist in Gersbach's laboratory, were published on-line in the journal Nature Methods. The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, The Hartwell Foundation, and the March of Dimes.

Human cells have about 20,000 genes which produce a multitude of proteins, many of which affect the actions of other genes. Being able to understand these interactions would greatly improve the ability of scientists in all areas of biomedical research. However because of the complexity of this natural system, synthetic biologists create simple gene networks to have precise control over each component. These scientists can use these networks for applications in biosensing, biocomputation, or regenerative medicine, or can use them as models to study the more complex natural systems.

"This new system can be a powerful new approach for probing the fundamental mechanisms of natural gene regulation that are currently poorly understood," Perez-Pinera said. "In this way, we can further the capacity of synthetic biology and biological programming in mammalian systems."

The latest discoveries were made possible by using a new technology for building synthetic proteins known as transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs), which are artificial enzymes that can be engineered to "bind" to almost any gene sequences. Since these TALEs can be easily produced, the researchers were able to make many of them to control specific genes.

"All biological systems depend on gene regulation," Gersbach said. "The challenge facing bioengineering researchers is trying to synthetically recreate processes that occur in nature."

###

Other members of the team were Duke's David Ousterout, Jonathan Brunger, Alicia Farin, Katherine Glass, Farshid Guilak, Gregory Crawford, and Alexander Hartemink.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Recreating natural complex gene regulation [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Feb-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Richard Merritt
richard.merritt@duke.edu
919-660-8414
Duke University

DURHAM, N.C. By reproducing in the laboratory the complex interactions that cause human genes to turn on inside cells, Duke University bioengineers have created a system they believe can benefit gene therapy research and the burgeoning field of synthetic biology.

This new approach should help basic scientists as they tease out the effects of "turning on" or "turning off" many different genes, as well as clinicians seeking to develop new gene-based therapies for human disease.

"We know that human genes are not just turned on or off, but can be activated to any level over a wide range. Current engineered systems use one protein to control the levels of gene activation," said Charles Gersbach, assistant professor of biomedical engineering at Duke's Pratt School of Engineering and member of Duke's Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy. "However, we know that natural human genes are regulated by interactions between dozens of proteins that lead to diverse outcomes within a living system.

"In contrast to typical genetics studies that dissect natural gene networks in a top-down fashion, we developed a bottom-up approach, which allows us to artificially simulate these natural complex interactions between many proteins that regulate a single gene," Gersbach said. "Additionally, this approach allowed us to turn on genes inside cells to levels that were not previously possible."

The results of the Duke experiments, which were conducted by Pablo Perez-Pinera, a senior research scientist in Gersbach's laboratory, were published on-line in the journal Nature Methods. The research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, The Hartwell Foundation, and the March of Dimes.

Human cells have about 20,000 genes which produce a multitude of proteins, many of which affect the actions of other genes. Being able to understand these interactions would greatly improve the ability of scientists in all areas of biomedical research. However because of the complexity of this natural system, synthetic biologists create simple gene networks to have precise control over each component. These scientists can use these networks for applications in biosensing, biocomputation, or regenerative medicine, or can use them as models to study the more complex natural systems.

"This new system can be a powerful new approach for probing the fundamental mechanisms of natural gene regulation that are currently poorly understood," Perez-Pinera said. "In this way, we can further the capacity of synthetic biology and biological programming in mammalian systems."

The latest discoveries were made possible by using a new technology for building synthetic proteins known as transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs), which are artificial enzymes that can be engineered to "bind" to almost any gene sequences. Since these TALEs can be easily produced, the researchers were able to make many of them to control specific genes.

"All biological systems depend on gene regulation," Gersbach said. "The challenge facing bioengineering researchers is trying to synthetically recreate processes that occur in nature."

###

Other members of the team were Duke's David Ousterout, Jonathan Brunger, Alicia Farin, Katherine Glass, Farshid Guilak, Gregory Crawford, and Alexander Hartemink.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-02/du-rnc020113.php

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Sunday, February 3, 2013

Video of police abuse stokes anger in Egypt

Egyptian riot police beat a man, after stripping him, and before dragging him into a police van, during clashes next to the presidential palace in Cairo, Egypt, Friday, Feb. 1, 2013. Protesters denouncing Egypt's Islamist president hurled stones and firebombs through the gates of his palace gates on Friday, clashing with security forces who fired tear gas and water cannons, as more than a week of political violence came to Mohammed Morsi's symbolic doorstep for the first time. (AP Photo/Khalil Hamra)

Egyptian riot police beat a man, after stripping him, and before dragging him into a police van, during clashes next to the presidential palace in Cairo, Egypt, Friday, Feb. 1, 2013. Protesters denouncing Egypt's Islamist president hurled stones and firebombs through the gates of his palace gates on Friday, clashing with security forces who fired tear gas and water cannons, as more than a week of political violence came to Mohammed Morsi's symbolic doorstep for the first time. (AP Photo/Khalil Hamra)

Egyptian riot police beat a man, illuminated by the green light of a protester's laser, after stripping him, and before dragging him into a police van, during clashes next to the presidential palace in Cairo, Friday, Feb. 1, 2013. Protesters denouncing Egypt's Islamist president hurled stones and firebombs through the gates of his palace gates on Friday, clashing with security forces who fired tear gas and water cannons, as more than a week of political violence came to Mohammed Morsi's symbolic doorstep for the first time. (AP Photo/Khalil Hamra)

An Egyptian protester throws a tear gas canister back during clashes with riot police in front of the presidential palace in Cairo, Egypt, Friday, Feb. 1, 2013. Thousands of protesters denouncing Egypt's Islamist president marched on his palace in Cairo on Friday, clashing with security forces firing tear gas and water cannons in the eighth day of the country's wave of political violence.(AP Photo/Khalil Hamra)

Egyptians flee tear gas fired by security forces during an anti-President Mohammed Morsi protest in front of the presidential palace in Cairo, Egypt, Friday, Feb. 1, 2013. Thousands of protesters denouncing Egypt's Islamist president marched on his palace in Cairo on Friday, clashing with security forces firing tear gas and water cannons in the eighth day of the country's wave of political violence.(AP Photo/Amr Nabil)

Egyptian protesters shout anti-Mohammed Morsi slogans before clashes in front of the presidential palace in Cairo, Egypt, Friday, Feb. 1, 2013. Thousands of Egyptians marched across the country, chanting against the rule of the Islamist President Mohammed Morsi, in a fresh wave of protests Friday, even as cracks appeared in the ranks of the opposition after its political leaders met for the first time with the rival Muslim Brotherhood. (AP Photo/Amr Nabil)

(AP) ? Egypt's Interior Minister vowed Saturday to investigate the beating of a naked man by riot police that threatened to further inflame popular anger against security forces, but suggested that initial results absolve the police of direct abuse.

The beating was caught on camera by The Associated Press and the video was broadcast live on Egyptian television late Friday as protests raged in the streets outside the presidential palace. The AP video showed police trying to bundle the naked man into a police van after beating him.

Less than 24 hours after the incident, several thousand anti-government demonstrators marched again on the palace Saturday denouncing the police and Islamist President Mohammed Morsi after a week of violent protests that claimed more than 60 lives nationwide.

Speaking to reporters after Friday's assault, Interior Minister Mohammed Ibrahim said that initial results from the public prosecutor's investigation show that 48-year-old Hamada Saber was undressed by "rioters" during skirmishes between police and protesters. He was then hit in the foot by a bird shot, the interior minister said, stopping short of saying if the injury was a result of police firing into the crowds.

"The central security forces then found him lying on the ground and tried to put him in an armored vehicle, though the way in which they did that was excessive," said Ibrahim.

In the AP footage from Friday, at least seven black-clad riot police beat Saber, whose pants are down around his ankles, with sticks before dragging him along the muddy pavement and tossing him into a police van.

The beating happened as thousands of protesters chanted against Morsi, throwing firebombs and firing flares at the presidential palace as police pumped volleys of tear gas and bird shot into the crowd, killing one protester and wounding more than 90.

The Interior Ministry said in a rare statement that it "regrets" the beating, and that it too is investigating the incident. But it also sought to distance itself ? and the police in general ? from the abuse, saying that "what took place was carried out by individuals that do not represent in any way the doctrine of all policemen who direct their efforts to protecting the security and stability of the nation and sacrifice their lives to protect civilians."

A statement by Morsi's office called the incident "shocking", but stressed that violence and vandalism of government property is unacceptable.

Ibrahim said nearly 400 policemen have been wounded this past week, warning that the disintegration of police will lead to even wider-spread chaos in the Arab world's most populous nation.

"The collapse of police will affect Egypt and transform it into a militia state like some neighboring nations," Ibrahim said, eluding to Libya where militias comprise the bulk of security after that nation's uprising.

Already some Islamists have warned they could set up militias to protect their interests, while a group calling itself "Black Bloc" whose followers wear black masks claim to defend protesters opposed to the Islamist president's rule.

Ibrahim is the fifth interior minister to head the security force in the past two years. Distraught police officers heckled him earlier in the week when he showed up for the funeral of two officers killed last weekend, angry over attacks against them and investigations into their use of power after decades of near impunity under ousted leader Hosni Mubarak.

Rights groups have accused Morsi of not taking steps to reform the Interior Ministry, which was long the backbone of Mubarak's regime. Police under Mubarak were notorious for using excessive force against protesters and beating those in custody. The uprising against his rule erupted in early 2011 in large part out of anger against widespread police powers and impunity.

In a defining image of post-Mubarak violence against protesters, Egyptians were outraged last year when military police were caught on camera dragging a veiled woman through the streets during a protest, pulling her conservative black robe over her head and revealing her blue bra.

Protesters and rights groups have most recently accused police of using excessive force this past week during a wave of mass demonstrations in cities around the country called by opposition politicians, trying to wrest concessions from Morsi.

But many protesters go further, saying Morsi must be removed from office, accusing his Muslim Brotherhood of monopolizing power and failing to deal with the country's mounting woes. Many have been further angered by Morsi's praise of the security forces after the high death toll.

The chaos prompted Morsi to order a limited curfew in three provinces and the deployment of the military to the streets.

The main opposition National Salvation Front said Saturday that the "gruesome images" of Saber's beating requires the dismissal of the newly-appointed interior minister. The statement said that Ibrahim was sworn-in in early January, police have been using "excessive force" more frequently against protesters.

In an attempt to heap more political pressure on Morsi, the opposition said the assault comes as little surprise since the president called on the police to deal firmly with protesters, among them rioters.

Prime Minister Hisham Kandil said he visited Cairo's Tahrir Square and the area of the presidential palace Saturday, which were largely quiet after Friday's protests. He said those who are camped out there are neither protesters nor revolutionaries.

"Protesters do not torch, attack hotels, rape women, steal shops, they do not burn the presidential palace. These are not revolutionaries," he said.

In an impassioned speech Saturday carried live on Egyptian state TV, Kandil said the street violence and political unrest that has engulfed the country for more than a week is threatening the nation's already ailing economy.

"The Egyptian economy is bleeding," he said. "It is holding itself, but if this situation persists it will be dangerous, extremely dangerous. No government can govern a nation with this chaotic situation."

Foreign currency earners such as tourism and foreign investment have dried up in the past two years of political unrest. Foreign reserves currently estimate at around $15 billion, less than half of where it stood before the 2011 uprising that ousted Mubarak. The Egyptian pound has also lost around four percent of its value due to the turmoil and planned austerity measures threaten to curb subsidies relied on by millions of poor Egyptians.

Kandil called on the opposition to back away from any more protests or marches.

"The world is watching to see how we will deal," he said. "It is upon all political parties to pull their peaceful protesters from the streets now."

Also Saturday, Mubarak's former interior minister, Habib al-Adly, was found guilty of abusing his position to force police conscripts to work on his mansion and land on the outskirts of Cairo. Both he and former riot police chief, Hassan Abdel-Hamid, were sentenced to three years in prison and fined around $340,000. The verdict can be appealed.

Al-Adly is already serving time for corruption and was sentenced to life in prison with Mubarak for failing to prevent the killing of nearly 900 protesters during the 2011 revolt that ousted the longtime leader. Both men appealed, and will be given a retrial.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-02-02-Egypt/id-beeea7cb1bca46ac908ea5a921900529

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NATO chief dismisses Russian missile defense worry

MUNICH (AP) ? NATO's secretary-general said Saturday the alliance has no intention of backing down on its plans for a European-missile defense system despite ongoing criticism from Russia.

Anders Fogh Rasmussen told a small group of reporters on the sidelines of the Munich Security Conference that in dealings with Moscow "this question of missile defense remains ... the big elephant in the room." But he said NATO's decision has been made and he hopes Russia will work together with the alliance on the issue.

"We have made clear from the outset that NATO has made the decision to establish a NATO missile defense system because it's our obligation to ensure effective defense of our populations," Fogh Rasmussen said. "Having said that, we have invited Russia to cooperate and ... now it's up to Russia to engage in that."

The comments came after Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov told the gathering of top diplomats and defense officials that NATO's missile defense program and eastward expansion have caused undue friction reminiscent of the Cold War.

"Officially we have abandoned the mindset of the Cold War ? Russia and NATO countries say that they do not see each other as adversaries ... but we should admit that we should still come a long way to match our words with deeds," Lavrov said.

The U.S. and NATO say the missile defense plan is aimed at fending off an Iranian missile threat, but Moscow has rejected the claim, saying the system may eventually grow powerful enough to threaten Russia's nuclear deterrent.

Fogh Rasmussen flatly rejected the criticism, saying: "I clearly denounce these allegations."

"There is a clear link between what we say and what we do," he said.

During the conference, Fogh Rasmussen urged cash-strapped European nations not to use the alliance's drawdown of forces in Afghanistan as an excuse to cut defense spending.

"We must build on what we have gained in operations such as Afghanistan, not cash in on what some may perceive as the post-ISAF dividend," he said.

"In this age of austerity, that looks like an attractive option, but it would be the wrong option. Because security challenges won't wait while we fix our finances and more cuts now will lead to greater insecurity in the future, at a cost we simply can't afford. We saw this after the Cold War, when we were ill prepared to respond to the crises in the Balkans."

He noted that since 2001, the U.S. share of NATO defense spending has risen from 63 percent to 72 percent while most European nations have cut their defense budgets.

Fogh Rasmussen said that, instead of cuts, NATO countries should use funds saved from the Afghanistan drawdown to invest in capabilities where it has found itself lacking.

"We have learned lessons from our operations in Afghanistan as well as Libya and Mali," where the alliance isn't operating but some of its members are. "What we see is that ... such operations couldn't be carried out successfully without a significant American contribution," he said.

"It is necessary for Europe to invest more in long-distance airlift capacity, in air-to-air refueling as we learned in Libya, in intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance capabilities ? in all these areas."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/nato-chief-dismisses-russian-missile-defense-worry-135206842.html

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